{"id":457,"date":"2026-03-30T15:18:49","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T13:18:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/?page_id=457"},"modified":"2026-03-30T15:46:16","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T13:46:16","slug":"sambo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/?page_id=457","title":{"rendered":"Sambo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-456 size-large\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sambo-2-1024x682.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sambo-2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sambo-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sambo-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/terrainconnu.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sambo-2.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#5f6980\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Sambo<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-ast-global-color-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Origine :<\/strong>&nbsp; Union Sovi\u00e9tique (URSS)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cr\u00e9ation :<\/strong>&nbsp;Ann\u00e9es 1920 &#8211; 1930 (Reconnu officiellement en 1938)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale :<\/strong>&nbsp;F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Sambo (FIAS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nombre de Participants :<\/strong>&nbsp;1 contre 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cat\u00e9gories :<\/strong>&nbsp;Combat, Individuel<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"CarJitsu Championship: RUSSIA vs USA\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cbhOLwhNIak?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-ast-global-color-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Concept<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le mot \u00ab\u00a0Sambo\u00a0\u00bb est un acronyme russe signifiant&nbsp;<em>Samozashchita Bez Oruzhiya<\/em>, ce qui se traduit litt\u00e9ralement par&nbsp;<strong>\u00ab\u00a0Autod\u00e9fense sans arme\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong>. C&rsquo;est un syst\u00e8me de combat au corps \u00e0 corps qui se divise aujourd&rsquo;hui en deux grandes cat\u00e9gories sportives :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Le Sambo Sportif (Sport Sambo) :<\/strong>&nbsp;Il ressemble beaucoup au judo et \u00e0 la lutte libre. L&rsquo;objectif est de projeter son adversaire au sol et d&rsquo;obtenir une soumission (par cl\u00e9 articulaire). Contrairement au judo moderne, le sambo sportif autorise et encourage fortement les cl\u00e9s de jambe (genou, cheville), mais interdit les \u00e9tranglements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Le Sambo de Combat (Combat Sambo) :<\/strong>&nbsp;C&rsquo;est la version la plus brutale et la plus proche du MMA. Con\u00e7ue \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine pour les militaires, cette variante autorise les frappes (coups de poing, coups de pied, coudes, genoux), les coups de t\u00eate, en plus de toutes les projections et soumissions du sambo sportif, y compris les \u00e9tranglements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les combats se d\u00e9roulent sur un tapis de lutte circulaire. Une victoire peut s&rsquo;obtenir par soumission, par K.O. (en Combat Sambo), par \u00ab\u00a0projection parfaite\u00a0\u00bb (faire chuter l&rsquo;adversaire sur le dos tout en restant debout), ou aux points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un peu d&rsquo;histoire<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Sambo est n\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1920, peu apr\u00e8s la R\u00e9volution russe, sous l&rsquo;impulsion de l&rsquo;Arm\u00e9e rouge et du NKVD (la police secr\u00e8te sovi\u00e9tique, anc\u00eatre du KGB). L&rsquo;objectif \u00e9tait de cr\u00e9er le syst\u00e8me de combat \u00e0 mains nues ultime pour les soldats sovi\u00e9tiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour y parvenir, les fondateurs du Sambo (notamment Viktor Spiridonov et Vasili Oshchepkov, l&rsquo;un des premiers Europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 obtenir une ceinture noire de judo au Japon) ont analys\u00e9 et synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 les techniques les plus efficaces de dizaines d&rsquo;arts martiaux mondiaux : le judo japonais, la lutte gr\u00e9co-romaine, la boxe, la savate fran\u00e7aise, mais aussi de nombreuses luttes traditionnelles des r\u00e9publiques sovi\u00e9tiques (le&nbsp;<em>Kurash<\/em>&nbsp;ouzbek, la&nbsp;<em>Chidaoba<\/em>&nbsp;g\u00e9orgienne, le&nbsp;<em>Kokh<\/em>arm\u00e9nien, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1938, Anatoli Kharlampiev, un \u00e9l\u00e8ve d&rsquo;Oshchepkov, a compil\u00e9 ces techniques et a fait reconna\u00eetre officiellement le Sambo comme le \u00ab\u00a0sport de combat national\u00a0\u00bb par le Comit\u00e9 des Sports de l&rsquo;URSS. Pendant la Guerre froide, les combattants de Sambo sovi\u00e9tiques \u00e9taient craints dans le monde entier lors des comp\u00e9titions internationales de judo ou de lutte, car leurs techniques hybrides \u00e9taient impr\u00e9visibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment Pratiquer ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour s&rsquo;y essayer, il faut rejoindre un club de Sambo ou un club de MMA proposant cette discipline. L&rsquo;\u00e9quipement est tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cifique et diff\u00e8re de celui des autres arts martiaux :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pour le Combat Sambo uniquement :<\/em>&nbsp;Un casque de protection, des gants \u00e0 doigts ouverts (type MMA), des prot\u00e8ge-tibias et un prot\u00e8ge-dents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>La Kurtka :<\/strong>&nbsp;Une veste \u00e9paisse similaire \u00e0 celle du judo, mais plus ajust\u00e9e, \u00e9quip\u00e9e de passants pour la ceinture et de petites \u00e9paulettes rouges ou bleues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Le short :<\/strong>&nbsp;Contrairement au pantalon de judo, les sambo\u00efstes portent un short court (rouge ou bleu pour correspondre \u00e0 la veste).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Les Sambovki :<\/strong>&nbsp;Des chaussures souples en cuir ou en daim, proches des chaussures de lutte, qui prot\u00e8gent les chevilles lors des cl\u00e9s de jambe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principales Comp\u00e9tition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La FIAS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Sambo) organise les Championnats du Monde annuels. Sans surprise, la Russie et les anciens pays du bloc sovi\u00e9tique (G\u00e9orgie, Bi\u00e9lorussie, Kazakhstan) dominent \u00e9crasamment le palmar\u00e8s historique. Apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies d&rsquo;attente, le Sambo a finalement \u00e9t\u00e9 reconnu par le Comit\u00e9 International Olympique (CIO) en 2021, ouvrant peut-\u00eatre la voie \u00e0 une future int\u00e9gration aux Jeux Olympiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td>CAT\u00c9GORIE<\/td><td>DOMINATION HISTORIQUE<\/td><td>NATIONS CHALLENGERS<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Sambo Sportif (Hommes)<\/strong><\/td><td>\ud83c\uddf7\ud83c\uddfa Russie \/ \u262d URSS<\/td><td>\ud83c\uddec\ud83c\uddea G\u00e9orgie, \ud83c\uddf0\ud83c\uddff Kazakhstan, \ud83c\udde7\ud83c\uddfe Bi\u00e9lorussie<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sambo Sportif (Femmes)<\/strong><\/td><td>\ud83c\uddf7\ud83c\uddfa Russie \/ \u262d URSS<\/td><td>\ud83c\udde7\ud83c\uddec Bulgarie, \ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\udde6 Ukraine, \ud83c\uddef\ud83c\uddf5 Japon<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sambo de Combat (Hommes)<\/strong><\/td><td>\ud83c\uddf7\ud83c\uddfa Russie<\/td><td>\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\udde6 Ukraine, \ud83c\uddf0\ud83c\uddff Kazakhstan<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apparitions M\u00e9diatiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u00ab\u00a0If Sambo was easy, it would be called Jiu-Jitsu.\u00a0\u00bb (Si le Sambo \u00e9tait facile, \u00e7a s&rsquo;appellerait du Jiu-Jitsu).<\/em>Cette phrase provocatrice, arbor\u00e9e sur un t-shirt par la l\u00e9gende du MMA Khabib Nurmagomedov avant l&rsquo;un de ses combats \u00e0 l&rsquo;UFC, a fait le tour du monde et relanc\u00e9 l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat mondial pour ce sport.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Le Sambo et le MMA :<\/strong>&nbsp;Le sport a \u00e9t\u00e9 propuls\u00e9 sur le devant de la sc\u00e8ne internationale gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des l\u00e9gendes russes du MMA. Le \u00ab\u00a0Dernier Empereur\u00a0\u00bb Fedor Emelianenko, multiple champion du monde de Combat Sambo, a terroris\u00e9 la cat\u00e9gorie des poids lourds du MMA dans les ann\u00e9es 2000. Plus r\u00e9cemment, Khabib Nurmagomedov et Islam Makhachev ont impos\u00e9 la lutte sambo au sommet de l&rsquo;UFC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cin\u00e9ma :<\/strong>&nbsp;Le Sambo est tr\u00e8s souvent chor\u00e9graphi\u00e9 dans les films d&rsquo;action modernes. Le personnage de John Wick (interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 par Keanu Reeves) utilise \u00e9norm\u00e9ment de projections et de cl\u00e9s articulaires issues du Sambo dans ses sc\u00e8nes de combat rapproch\u00e9. Le personnage de Black Widow dans l&rsquo;univers Marvel l&rsquo;utilise \u00e9galement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jeux Vid\u00e9o :<\/strong>&nbsp;Des personnages embl\u00e9matiques de jeux de combat utilisent ce style, comme Zangief dans&nbsp;<em>Street Fighter<\/em>&nbsp;(qui pratique le \u00ab\u00a0Sambo russe\u00a0\u00bb) ou Sergei Dragunov dans la s\u00e9rie&nbsp;<em>Tekken<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-ast-global-color-2-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-ast-global-color-2-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Origine :&nbsp; Union Sovi\u00e9tique (URSS)&nbsp; Cr\u00e9ation :&nbsp;Ann\u00e9es 1920 &#8211; 1930 (Reconnu officiellement en 1938) F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale :&nbsp;F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Sambo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":456,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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